ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example

ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example

I concur with the ADHD diagnosis, unspecified [ICD-10, F 90.9/ DSM-5, 314.01], confirmed in the five-year-old boy. According to Brahmbaht et al. (2016), the chief informant who happens to be the patient’s mother reports most of the 18 or so symptoms used by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Under this criteria, the professional can use two dimensions of symptoms to confirm an ADHD diagnosis if the pediatric patient exhibits six or more inattentive symptoms that have persisted for not less than six months to the extent that is maladaptive and inconsistent with the expected level of development. These symptoms include but are not limited to seeming not to listen when spoken to directly, having difficulties organizing tasks and activities, always seems to be on the move and cannot sit still for even five minutes, interrupts others when they are speaking, and snatches things from other learners. The hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms include the teacher reports the patient is constantly squirming in his seat and often has difficulties waiting for his turn.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

            Johnson and Park (2015) note that the guidelines for treating pediatric patients diagnosed with ADHD should be evidence-based interventions that utilize parent and teacher-initiated behavior therapy. This intervention is premised on the fact that pediatrics, school-age children, and adolescents experiencing ADHD have a high risk of encountering several prolonged-lasting impairments at the social, vocational, and educational levels.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

The goal for therapeutic behavioral interventions should target alleviating these challenges and improve outcomes that continue to evolve in light of discoveries concerning the specificity in treatment effects. Most importantly, the provider should remember that pharmacological interventions become an option only if the behavioral interventions do not improve the child’s behavior over time. As such, it is my considered opinion that Vyvanse should not have been prescribed at this stage as behavioral interventions have not proven ineffective (Alonso & Pharma, 2020). Instead of prescribing this medication, parent education should be offered to make the parent/ guardian aware of the environmental factors that could improve the ADHD child reinforced with behavioral therapy. (ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

Fuentes-Albero et al.,2019). Other non-pharmacological interventions that should be applied are diet modification, engaging the child in physical activities and exercises. The nutrition intake includes Omega -3 fatty acids commonly found in fish or nuts that are beneficial to the brain. Sugar and caffeine need to be limited as they are known to exacerbate ADHD symptoms. Dancing and active sports like ball games would also manage ADHD.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

The Plan

Having presented why I concur with the ADHD diagnosis and why I would beg to differ with the Vyanose prescription, the treatment plan to embark on is non-pharmacological intervention. Satsapathy et al. (2016) outline three critical interventions, with the first one being psychosocial interventions. Under this intervention having a positive parenting program and social and relationship skills program would come in handy. Another component is the parent-behavioral training, academic intervention, and behavioral classroom intervention. The second group is body-focused interventions, where breathing exercises and sleep interventions are expected to improve the patient’s cognitive functioning and improve attention. I would also incorporate neurocognitive interventions that use computer-based attention/ cognitive functioning training. The fourth and last part of the plan is to implement cognitive-behavioral intervention like chess training. Suffice it to say that the treatment of ADHD should be a continuous process whereby the interventions are implemented step by step (Wolraich et al., 2019). The plan also features physiological interventions like regular physical as evidence abounds, indicating they also help improve ADHD symptoms (Shrestha et al., 2020). The recommended plan recognizes the need to use multimodal interventions with medications like atomoxetine, guanfacine, or clonidine being considered if the symptoms do not improve (Brown et al., 20190. The three medications are non-stimulants and are FDA-approved treatments of ADHD in children.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

References

Alonso, E. M., & Pharm, B. (2020). UTAH MEDICAID DUR REPORT FEBRUARY 2020.

Brahmbhatt, K., Hilty, D. M., Hah, M., Han, J., Angkustsiri, K., & Schweitzer, J. B. (2016). During adolescence, diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the primary care setting: a concise review. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59(2), 135-143.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

Brown, K. A., Samuel, S., & Patel, D. R. (2018). Pharmacologic management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a review for practitioners. Translational Pediatrics, 7(1), 36.

Fuentes-Albero, M., Martínez-Martínez, M. I., & Cauli, O. (2019). Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids intake in children with attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Brain sciences, 9(5), 120.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

Johnston, C., & Park, J. L. (2015). Interventions for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a year in review. Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 2(1), 38-45.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

Keilow, M., Holm, A., & Fallesen, P. (2018). Medical treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and children’s academic performance. PloS one, 13(11), e0207905.

Satapathy, S., Choudhary, V., Sharma, R., & Sagar, R. (2016). Non-pharmacological interventions for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in India: A comprehensive and comparative research update. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 38(5), 376-385(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

Shrestha, M., Lautenschleger, J., & Soares, N. (2020). Non-pharmacologic management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a review. Translational Pediatrics, 9(Suppl 1), S114.(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

Wolraich, M. L., Hagan, J. F., Allan, C., Chan, E., Davison, D., Earls, M., … & Zurhellen, W. (2019). Clinical practice guideline for diagnosing, evaluating, and treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 144(4).(ADHD Diagnosis Comprehensive Nursing Essay Example)

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