PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample

PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample

The PICO framework plays an essential role in determining a research question. Kloda et al. (2020) add that without a well-focused research question, it is time-consuming and challenging to identify the appropriate resources for research and relevant evidence. Therefore, PICO is a pivotal framework among evidence-based practitioners to form the right question for literature search. Specifically, PICO stands for population or patient problem (P), Intervention (I), Control or Comparison (C), and Outcome (O). This essay analyzes three resources to identify how the PICO framework has been utilized.(PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample)

The first article is “A meta-analysis of breastfeeding effects for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (Chu et al., 2021). It aims to conduct a meta-analysis to determine that breastfeeding has better neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) outcomes. While the NAS rates have increased over the years, breastfeeding is considered an intervention that can help to reduce the severity of the syndrome, resulting in reduced hospital stays and duration of treatment. The study utilized resources from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane library from 2000-2020 to identify the effects of breastfeeding. The study also included cohort studies and randomized trials. The study found that breastfeeding positively affects the duration of pharmacological treatment and reduces hospital stays. However, there were no differences in reducing the severity of the symptoms.(PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample)

The population included in the study is 6,375 neonates. Additionally, the study used breastfeeding as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce the severity of NAS symptoms, hospital stay, and treatment period. This study compared infants who took breast milk and those not breastfed or received expressed human milk. The study’s outcome was that breastfeeding is an effective non-pharmacological intervention that could help reduce hospital stays and decrease the initiation and duration of pharmacological treatment (Chu et al., 2021).(PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample)

The second article, “Stress and Health in Nursing Students, the nurse engagement and wellness study” (Olvera et al., 2019). This study aims to define the methods of a project designed to assess the behavioral, social, and environmental factors in modifying the adverse effects of stress among nurses. It involved a cohort study evaluating life stress and behaviors, among other factors that affect nursing students. The study found that exposure to lifetime stressors increases the risk of health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and depression. On the contrary, better profiles reduced the presence of the same health conditions.(PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample)

The population used for this study were Hispanic females and males aged 18 to 55 who had enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) at the University of Texas at El Paso. The intervention was to assess the behavioral, social, and environmental factors that may modify the performance of nursing students as they transition to hospitals. The comparison was between 6 months after the students entered the BSN program and 12-24 months after graduation. The study’s outcome shows that understanding the relationship between stress and health among nursing students can help to inform policies, curricula, and practices of nursing schools to help nurses thrive in the harsh healthcare environment.(PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample)

Lastly, “Factors Associated with quality of life among people living with a stoma in nonmetropolitan areas‘ investigates the factors and levels associated with quality of life (QoL) among people living with a stoma in nonmetropolitan Australia (Ketterer et al., 2021). It involved a cross-sectional survey that found that these individuals have moderate to high QoL. The study population was 678 adults with ileostomy, colostomy, or urostomy who were also members of the regional Victorian stoma association (Ketterer et al., 2021). The intervention is to assess the risk factors affecting the stoma-related quality of life among individuals in nonmetropolitan settings. The comparison was between the quality of life and multivariable such as post-stoma depression, sexual activity and clothing change, age, stoma location, and working hours. The study’s outcome is that nurses can identify risks and tailor interventions toward this population by influencing the stoma-related quality of life.(PICO Article Assignment Comprehensive Nursing Paper Sample)