{"id":265905,"date":"2024-01-29T13:43:11","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T13:43:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nursingstudy.org\/?p=265905"},"modified":"2026-10-13T22:47:28","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T22:47:28","slug":"genes-and-their-genotypes-comprehensive-nursing-paper-example","status":"publish","type":"paper_example","link":"https:\/\/nursingstudy.org\/examples\/genes-and-their-genotypes-comprehensive-nursing-paper-example\/","title":{"rendered":"Genes and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Genes and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Genes and their genotypes impact how individuals react to medication or drugs<\/a>. These drug-gene combinations inform medication dosing to ensure optimal response to and effectiveness of the drug (Malki & Pearson, 2019). CYP2C9, CYP2C9 3, and CYP2C9 13 polymorphisms affect irbesartan pharmacokinetics. Individuals have different CYP2C9 genotypes (12, 10, and 6 carriers of CYP2C9 1\/ 1, 1\/ 3, and 1\/13 genotypes), which dictates their response to irbesartan. Irbesartan is an angiotensin II antagonist used to treat high blood pressure. Its significant elimination (CL) pathways entail CYP2C9 N-glucuronidation and oxidation. Therefore, an individual’s CYP2C9 genotype impacts irbesartan major elimination (Westervelt et al., 2020).(Genes and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Genes
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For instance, a study found that a person with a CYP2C9*1\/*3 genotype indicated 12.99 + 3.12 L\/hr irbesartan major elimination compared to 21.40 + 5.98 L\/hr for wild-type in persons with CYP2C9*1\/*1. The drug-gene interaction <\/a>decreases major elimination in people with the variant *3 type of the CYP2C9 gene (Westervelt et al., 2020). It implies that the genotype differences impact major elimination, hence the response to irbesartan because *1\/*2 and *1\/*3 participants indicated a greater response to the medication than *1\/*1 persons, who experienced a decreased blood pressure.(Genes and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The study also indicates that the CYP2C9*1\/*2 genotype <\/a>is linked to a statistically significant elevated frequency of severe blood-pressure reduction, identified as an adverse event. The major elimination decrease leads to greater drug exposure, causing a higher-than-desired blood pressure decrease. It informs dosing because the major elimination decrease means that people with CYP2C9*1\/*2 and *1\/*3 need a low-maintenance dose to produce the desired pharmacological response. Additionally, individuals with CYP2C9*1\/*3 and *1\/*13 indicated higher maximum plasma concentration and half-lives than those with CYP2C9*1 (Westervelt et al., 2020). Persons with CYP2C9*1\/*3 and *1\/*13 indicated lower irbesartan oral clearance than those with *1\/*1. Conclusively, CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism significantly impacted irbesartan pharmacokinetics. CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*13 alleles led to decreased irbesartan metabolism.(Genes and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Malki,\u00a0M.\u00a0A., & Pearson,\u00a0E.\u00a0R. (2019). Drug\u2013drug\u2013gene interactions and adverse drug reactions.\u00a0The Pharmacogenomics Journal<\/em>,\u00a020<\/em>(3), 355-366.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41397-019-0122-0(Genes<\/a> and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Westervelt, P., Cho, K., Bright, D. R., & Kisor, D. F. (2020). Drug-gene interactions: inherent variability in drug maintenance dose requirements.\u00a0P & T: a peer-reviewed journal for formulary management<\/em>,\u00a039<\/em>(9), 630\u2013637(Genes and their Genotypes Comprehensive Nursing Paper Example).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Genes
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